I agree that you should paint your kitchen now and then once you install the cabinets you can do some touch-up paint and fix any imperfections you see.
I'd use a floor plan of your home and then measure each length and width of the rooms in your home. Once you find out the area of each your rooms you just add the sum of the rooms together. This article breaks it down for you...
I think some stone tiles would look great and add some elegance and a rustic feel to your room. You have many different options though. You can even just paint it a dark brown to blend it in with your walls.
Yeah in my opinion the floor doesn't look like hardwood. I'd have a flooring professional come and fix the areas that are damaged. Once it's sanded down and has some refinish on it, it should look as good as new.
I'd go to an arts and crafts store and buy a nice frame to put it in and some nails. Then just attach the nails into your wall. I found these tips to offer some help: https://dengarden.com/interior-design/wolf-posters-and-prints
I'd use grout similar to the color you previously had. It's not a hard home project! If you go to a store like Home Depot you should find the right color.
Do you have photos to show how they installed their laminate or vinyl counter tops over granite? I'd pull it out if I were you. Your kitchen will look more attractive if you take off the extra counter top layer and just have granite or any other type of counter material.
It depends on the joints for your tile. If you have small tile joints then I'd recommend you use non-sanded grout. If you have larger joints I think you should use sanded grout. I hope this helps. I found this article which explains it more in depth...